Frame aerial for wireless telegraphy and telephony



Oct. 12 1926. 1,602,566

K. BURK FRAME AERIAL yon wmsmss TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHON'Y F59. I. FiledJan: s. 1925 b IQ.

o o O a 4 o a I I a" a H Patented Oct. 12, 1926.

UNITED STATES KARL BURK, 0F BASEL, SWITZERLAND.

FRAME AERIAL FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY.

Application filed January'6, 1925, Serial No. 899, and in Switzerland January 5-33, 192

This invention relates to frame aerials for wireless telegraphy and telephony, and has for its object to provide improved apparatus of this character.

In order to receive a signal emanating from a radio transmitting station, two well known methods are particularly employed, of which one is principally responsive to the electrostatic field and the other to the magnetic field. The well known open aerial utilizes the first of these methods, while the-so called coil or frame aerial utilizes the second. These two methods may also be combined.

In all coils traversed by currents of radio frequency it is desirable to reduce the selfcapacity of the coil windings to a minimum. For this reason only single layer coils were employed at first as coupling coils either for primary or secondary circuits, but these, however, take up a comparatively large amount of space due to the manner in which they are wound. In order to make the coils smaller, while still having the low self-capacity of single-layer coils, several special windings have come into use, which do more or less conform to the requirements of reduced self-capacity. Now the above which applies to different coupling coils traversed by currents of radio frequency, applies like wise to the coil of a receiving frame aerial, as this may be regarded as the secondary circuit of a receiving station, the primary circuit of which is formed by the radiating antonne of the corresponding transmitter.

It is also known, that the electromotive force induced in a coil by means of a magnetic field is proportional to the number of turns, and it is therefore necessary to employ the greatest possible length of wire winding. This also is attempted for each definite wave length, but the limits of the wire length winding are soon exceeded when using single-layer continuous spiral windings, as the self-capacity of such coils increases in proportion with the number of turns. The shorter the wave length of radio transmission, the greater the disadvantage due to the nonreduced self-capacity of the windings of coupling coils.

With previously used coil frame aerials. the self-capacity of the winding is reduced by arranging the separate turns of wire mutually apart from one another. By this method of winding, however, the total winding width of such a coil aerial is extended, whilst it is desired to have the narnarrow coil serials result in a more exact directional effect being obtained, and also take up less space.

The object of this invention to provide a receiving frame aerial, so constructed, that its winding has a decreased self capacity, and which, while having a narrow winding front face, contains the greatest possible win .51 wire lci th.

This frame aerial differs from and is superior to known frame serials in that it presents in a frame two or more polygonal fields displaced in the plane of the frame, and its winding is distributed over these fields in such a manner that the portions of the winding along the sides of the fields adjacent to each other are approximately parallel. so that the winding wire after a single encircling of the one field passes to the next field and so on for the remaining fields, returning then to the first field for a second encircling of this field and so on. In the case when only two field are provided, these two fields are encircled alternately with a. multiplicity of windings.

The drawing illustrates two constructional forms of the invention.

Figure 1 shows in front elevation, and Figure 2 in side elevation, the frame of the first construction;

Figure 3 illustrates a detail of this frame;

Figure 4: is a winding diagram for this construction Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the second construction.

According to the construction shown in Figures 1 to 4, the frame aerial comprises a frame a made of insulating material and arranged for six aerial fields, This frame consists of two frame checks a a comprising six divisions each, and connected together to form a rigid structure by means of intermediate bridges b, one of which is illustrated in Figure 3 on an enlarged scale. The bridges b are a ranged in the frame in the manner illustrated in Figure 4 that is, at the angles of elongated hexagons placed side by side in the plane of the frame, and act as spreading and supporting elements for the winding. The winding comprises six hexagonal fields 1, 2, 6 placed side by side, corresponding to the six frame divisions, and is distributed over these fields in such a manner that the windin wire 0 )assing in the direction indicated by arrows in Figure 4:, firstencircles the field 1 with a single turn, then passes to the next field 2 and likewise encircles it with a single turn, and so on to field G, which it also encircles with a single turn, and finally returns from (Z to the field 1, again encircling this for one turn passing on to field 2 and so oiu exactly as with the first set of fields, so that each field group has a wire encircling each field of that group, and in each field of the frame aerial, at right angles to the I'CCCI'. ing' direction as man turns are prorided as the windingcomprises field groups. The course of the winding can easily be traced in Flour-e t; it is the same in each field oroup and the separate turns in the field groups are ltep' spaced from each other bf. the consecutive grooves of the bridges 7).

k In the adjacent fields the parts of the rinding lying along coincident sides of adjacent hexagens run parallel to each other, but opposite to each other in the winding direction. By reason of the lateral apposition of the separate fields, it is possible with a sulfieient number of fields, to arrange that the frame aerial is longer than it is high.

In the construction shown in Figures 5 and G the frame aerial has only one frame cheel; (4 comprising two fields each in the form of a rightangled triangle, which are placed side by side with their respective hypotenuses, coincident. The course of the wind ing is easy to follow in this I first n right hand field is encircled with a i turn and then the left hand field, then again the right and then the lef and so on, he windings being" made to encircle the rigrht ant left hand fields alternately. The bridges 6 in this case have no grooves.

In order that the frame aerial may be se in various directions it may be mounted on a rotatable base in one of the various known ways.

In order to protect the wire winding from dust, damp and mechanical injury, the entire fraine aerial can be enclosed in a suitable casing.

lVhat I claim is 1. A frame aerial for wireless telegraphy and telephony, comprising a frame body with polygonall arranged spool carriers thereon and a set of polygonal spools placed side by side on said spool carriers and so arranged and interconnected as to have portions of winding along adjacent sides of different spools in approximately parallel relation and the winding wire front one turn of one spool of the set running to the next spool ihereof for a turn therein and so on for the remaining spools of the set and then returnine back to the first spool of the set to constitute a further turn therein and so on.

2. A frame aerial for wireless telegraphy and telephony, comprising a {T211116} body formed of two cheeks and polygonally arranged interconnccting bridges constituting spool carriers and a set of polygonal spools placed side by side on said frame bridges and arranged and interconnected as to hate portions of winding along adjacent sides of different spools in approximately parallel relation and the winding wire from one turn of one spool of the set running to the next spool thereof for a turn therein and so on for the remaining spools of the set and then returning back to the first spool of the set to constitute a further turn therein and so on.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this Qatth da of December 192 t.

KARL BURK, 

